Allowances and the 40% rate
Inheritance tax is charged by HMRC at 40% on the value of an estate above the available allowances. Each person has a £325,000 nil-rate band and, when the family home passes to direct descendants, a £175,000 residence nil-rate band. Unused allowances transfer between spouses and civil partners, so a married couple can potentially pass on up to £1 million free of inheritance tax. These allowances have been frozen until at least 2030, so as house prices and investments rise, more estates are drawn into the tax each year without any change to the headline rules.


